I have 4thGen rims on my 84 Camaro, with spacers. I think that they are called "salad shooters"? They have bent spokes, five of them in pairs, so I guess ten spokes total per wheel. The tire size that is on the rims at the moment is 245/50/ZR16. I was told that the car cannot be lowered with these rims on, at least in the front because everything is so tight with the 16 inch rims/wheels. Can I get smaller tires (still 16's, obviously), or a "low-profile" type of tire so that I can lower the car just a little? The ride height is a little high for my taste, and it would look better if I could drop it about an inch or so.

Your best bet is going to be a P245/45R16.
That will retain your tread width and lower your sidewall profile.
The overall diameter/height on a 245/50 is 25.6"
The O.D. on the 245/45 is 24.6" which should provide the look/height adjustment you want.
That is your only option in a tire that wide.
That size was stock on 300ZX Turbo's (1990's-up)
The Bridgestone Potenza RE730 is an awesome choice for a tire.
Good Luck!