I would get a book on basic automotive wiring and read it. Here is one...
http://www.themotorbookstore.com/el.html
(That book may be available at your local auto parts store?)
Then after reading that, buy a multimeter. (You might decide to buy a specific type after reading the above.)
Then get a factory service manual set for your vehicle which will include wiring diagrams or will include a separate wiring diagrams manual.
Then you will be able to troubleshoot and fix the above problems.
Basically the wiring on a vehicle is all wrapped up in harnesses and concealed, so it is impossible to trace any wires and see where they go. All you can do is disconnect connectors and test the connections. BUT you need to know what connector is for what, what terminals/wire colors are for what, and what test to preform (using a multimeter) to troubleshoot the problem. So that is why you need a factory service manual set for this.