| Re: A few ?'s for you guys
The most common MAF-less engine management systems use speed density to calculate fueling requirements. Speed density uses manifold pressure as well as air temperature and engine rpm to estimate the amount of air flowing into the engine, whereas MAF makes a direct measurement of mass airflow. MAF sensors can be restrictive and they are usually limited on the maximum amount of airflow that they can measure. Speed density is arguably better, but it is harder to tune for.
I've not heard of running without an air temp sensor. Typically, with forced induction engines an open-element air sensor is used which reacts more quickly to changing air temperature than a standard closed-element sensor. I would say that an air temperature sensor is very important, especially on an FI motor.
The T at the back of your manifold sounds like the vacuum source for your power brakes. The other hose may have gone to your HVAC system, cruise control, etc.
The turbo requires a pressurized oil source. You could run an electric pump to feed it but you run the risk of the pump or wiring failing. It's easier and more reliable to use engine oil. Either way you will need a scavenge pump to bring the oil back up to the source. | 
