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Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

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Old Jun 30, 2024 | 02:16 PM
  #101  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
Not sure where you get your data from but I'll say that's simply not true.
I'll agree that the old outdated grinds are "easier" on the valvetrain but to say that the newer offer nothing but trouble is incorrect.
Certainly Billy Godbold wouldn't release a series of SBC cams (and these are decades old now) directed strictly towards street performance and quick action valve movement. His XFI series of lobes (and cams) have the same lobe lift as the Jones cam I have at .360". The gives a .570" with my rocker arms.
Use good lightweight parts like a beehive spring and tool steel retainers and perhaps most importantly, proper valvetrain geometry, and they'll give tens of thousands of miles of reliable service. I've done it. Still have my custom COMP XFI too show for it too.
What I don't recommend, and this is regardless of the cam chosen, is to expect high RPM reliability with well used parts. I've done that too. My "gentle" COMP XR288HR with a .347" intake lobe outdid the old tired top tier roller lifters (COMPs short ravel tool steel lifters). A link bar failure isn't a pretty thing but that failure was to due to age and RPM. 7000 will do damage with any cam if the rest of the parts aren't up to it. Those lifters also had tens of thousands of miles of heavy duty service. My bad.

Truly modern lobes, despite having fast ramps, raise and lower the lifter gently so as not to be hard on parts. The inverse radius (again such as Jones and others) is what accomplishes this. So the noisy valvetrain, roller rockers notwithstanding, isn't what it once was.

No further to your comment about offering nothing but, it's been proven over and over again, that the faster you can get the valve open the less it needs to be open. IVC can be later and cylinder pressure is increased all else being equal. This is a benefit to all things low RPM. Simply stated it puts more lift under the curve, allows for a shorter cam which in turn improves drivability and fuel economy. This is to put it into a street performance perspective although the the term street is very subjective.
This isn't an overlap discussion as that's an entirely different topic. Its lobe profile is what this is about. At least that's what I'm describing here.

As always Fast, your mileage may vary.

The lobe profile will make very little difference in something cammed as a true street engine. You are talking at best 2-3% on a 400 hp small block for a given 0.050 duration spec. 0.360" lobe lift can be enough to expose the lifter oil groove in some OE roller blocks and result in lower oil pressure as well. I will take the longevity, reliability as I still made 502 hp and 520 tq from an 11:1 383 with old Comp Magnum lobes. Beehives can often be a disaster waiting to happen. Lloyd Elliot recomeends a good dual spring for everything including LS builds. The 862s he ported and worked for me have dual springs and so do my aluminum small block heads.
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Old Jun 30, 2024 | 04:49 PM
  #102  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by Fast355
get your facts straight, I slammed OEM stamped steel rocker arms. They have always been junk with any kind of spring pressure upgrade.
Pretty sure my facts are straight.....aren't rocker arms part of "valve train"? I thought they were.... No? What "valvetrain" (sic) were you referring to here:....?
Originally Posted by Fast355
Give me a GM grind or an old grind; easier on the valvetrain......the valvetrain is stock like quiet even with.....Valvetrain is silent in his truck

Rhetorical question....don't need to answer and it doesn't matter. Whatever point you're trying to sell in these tiring posts of yours....they ain't convincing ME to go buy boat parts. I hope others don't fall for it either. As you were.
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Old Jul 1, 2024 | 11:19 AM
  #103  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by Fast355
The lobe profile will make very little difference in something cammed as a true street engine. You are talking at best 2-3% on a 400 hp small block for a given 0.050 duration spec. 0.360" lobe lift can be enough to expose the lifter oil groove in some OE roller blocks and result in lower oil pressure as well. I will take the longevity, reliability as I still made 502 hp and 520 tq from an 11:1 383 with old Comp Magnum lobes. Beehives can often be a disaster waiting to happen. Lloyd Elliot recomeends a good dual spring for everything including LS builds. The 862s he ported and worked for me have dual springs and so do my aluminum small block heads.
I get your point on all counts although I'll say there's more HP and TQ with a modern cam. That said, as we know, making 400 HP is a piece of cake these days. So it's not much of a point to make I suppose.
FTR: Between my COMP XR288HR (288/292, 236/242, 110 LSA, 106 ICL, 71° overlap) and the Jones 280/284,( 232/236, 108 LSA, 104 ICL, 66° overlap), all data suggests that the shorter cam will make more more power and torque everywhere up to 6k. The Jones cam has 8° less seat timing which is great for the street, 5° less overlap (also good) and yet is only 4° short on the .050" duration. There's that piece of cake and eat it too thing I was talking about.
Obviously I'm big on building cylinder pressure.
Plenty though have good results with the Magnum lobes. Although he's as dated as those profiles are, DV used them in his SBC build books. Who am I to argue? But then again, that was then.

As for the beehive spring, there are more builds than I can recount that rely on that single spring. Not that I care about LS engines for the purposes of this conversation, the OEMs are happy to warranty them in all manner of transport. I've run them reliably to 7k. The PAC version came recommended by my cam grinder too. It's the weight savings that's the real benefit. There's no need for the dual spring in order to control the valvetrain. And out of control is what breaks parts. Well, that and high mileage!

Again, to each their own.

On a personal level, although closer now than I have been in years, there'll be some track testing. I'll have time slips to compare the two cams on essentially (but not entirely) the same engine. MPH will tell the tale.
I'm also targeting some chassis dyno time although it might be a safe bet to say that at best I'll get back on the road this year and the racing will be next year. Our season ends here early October. It depends on how the project goes together (for the tenth time) and whether there are new slicks in my budget. I've spent a small fortune already.
I have faith too that the highway mileage will exceed that of the 288 as well. Best I could tune for was 21 US MPG steady state highway. That's carburetted. I was happy with that as it was street car primarily and from the looks of my torque converter choice this go around, will still be street orientated rather than more track specific.

Last edited by skinny z; Jul 1, 2024 at 11:34 AM.
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Old Jul 3, 2024 | 10:09 PM
  #104  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I ran a few of the calculators with my goal of peak power at 5500-6000 rpm, and I think what I'm finding is that when I was thinking I was going to stick with the 350-355, the 180 heads would have been perfect. Now that I'm entertaining the lickelyhood of getting a 377-383 short block, that extra displacement really pushes me to needing the 195s.

One key calculator showed for a 377ci v8 to hit peak power at ~5500 rpm, you need a min csa of 1.9 sq-in. The 180 heads are only 1.81, where as the 195s are 1.905, which would sound about perfect!

Is this sound logic? May order at least heads gaskets, valve covers soon to take advantage of fourth sales... need a starter too, so I'll put everything together and use a 10% coupon at summit.
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Old Jul 3, 2024 | 10:22 PM
  #105  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
I ran a few of the calculators with my goal of peak power at 5500-6000 rpm, and I think what I'm finding is that when I was thinking I was going to stick with the 350-355, the 180 heads would have been perfect. Now that I'm entertaining the lickelyhood of getting a 377-383 short block, that extra displacement really pushes me to needing the 195s.

One key calculator showed for a 377ci v8 to hit peak power at ~5500 rpm, you need a min csa of 1.9 sq-in. The 180 heads are only 1.81, where as the 195s are 1.905, which would sound about perfect!

Is this sound logic? May order at least heads gaskets, valve covers soon to take advantage of fourth sales... need a starter too, so I'll put everything together and use a 10% coupon at summit.
That's the approach I used when developing the 383. That ultimately became a 357.
MCSA is one indicator of engine potential. It can be argued that there are other that are as important but, logically, the science makes sense. Which science generally does.
I see no error in the 195's. This will swing the cam spec and I'd certainly like to see what you go with. I'm hopeful it's not some forum based "it worked for me" grind but rather one that's also based on science.

I'd posted my Jones spec. Two of them actually and those were for a small headed, 175 cc, 1.90 MCSA port. My guess is that with the 195 port and requesting peak HP of 6k, the cam will be small in comparison to what you might think.

Have your compression ratio dialed in before the cam. That's advice I can offer from experience. And that experience didn't produce the best results.

FTR: A cam for a 383 will not be a cam for a 377. And if you go to a 4.125" bore for the 377, you might as well go to a 406. Ah...the proverbial snowball.

Last edited by skinny z; Jul 3, 2024 at 10:26 PM.
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Old Jul 4, 2024 | 12:05 AM
  #106  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
FTR: A cam for a 383 will not be a cam for a 377. And if you go to a 4.125" bore for the 377, you might as well go to a 406. Ah...the proverbial snowball.

Maybe I miss spoke, I was under the impression when you stroke a 350 with a new block that is still 4.000 bore you get a 377, vs a 383 that results from the bore being bored .030 over... im looking at one of the two short blocks i pasted above. The blueprint one has a note that says actual displacement 377 ci, the other one just says 383 everywhere, if this is not the case please explain why the bluepring is actually 377ci... not sure which I should go with... I've heard only good things about blueprint, bit the other one looks good too and has a few more forged parts I think.

Last edited by raptere; Jul 4, 2024 at 12:30 AM.
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Old Jul 4, 2024 | 12:35 AM
  #107  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Well... it has begun! Just placed my summit order for the afr 1040 195 heads, cast aluminum valve covers, and the new starter I needed!!!

My plan is to port the intake and heads (width only) to the 1205 gasket, but then use a 1206 for assembly because the 195 port is actually taller than the 1205 gasket...
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Old Jul 4, 2024 | 07:37 AM
  #108  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
Maybe I miss spoke, I was under the impression when you stroke a 350 with a new block that is still 4.000 bore you get a 377, vs a 383 that results from the bore being bored .030 over... im looking at one of the two short blocks i pasted above. The blueprint one has a note that says actual displacement 377 ci, the other one just says 383 everywhere, if this is not the case please explain why the bluepring is actually 377ci... not sure which I should go with... I've heard only good things about blueprint, bit the other one looks good too and has a few more forged parts I think.
Actually, it's me that misspoke as there are two versions of a 377. A standard bore with the 3.75 stroke gets you one of them, a 4.155 bore with a 3.48 gets you the other. The latter is a .030" deal. And yes, further to your comment, a 30 over 350 with the 3.75 is the 383.
Carry on...

Originally Posted by raptere
Well... it has begun! Just placed my summit order for the afr 1040 195 heads, cast aluminum valve covers, and the new starter I needed!!!

My plan is to port the intake and heads (width only) to the 1205 gasket, but then use a 1206 for assembly because the 195 port is actually taller than the 1205 gasket...
Keep in mind that one of the critical points in the manifold to head interface is the roof of the port. The 195's are taller as that's where some the gains in CFM are made. There's a better look at the intake valve in other words.
That said, other than a gross misalignment, it's been shown that the gains are minimal with the traditional gasket matching approach. In my own pile of parts, there's no gasket matching but I did ensure that the port didn't overhang into the manifold opening and the roof and common wall were lined up as much as possible. An inspection camera/borescope is the ticket here.

As for Blueprint engines, at one time there was a considerable knock against them but over the last couple of years, once all that pandemic crap sorted itself out, they seem have earned a decent reputation.
Not sure I'd use them for a true racing engine (and I didn't) but for my streeter/wanna be drag racer, I'd be price point vs what do you get shopping and decide from there. There's the warranty and customer service to consider as well.

Last edited by skinny z; Jul 4, 2024 at 07:40 AM.
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Old Aug 18, 2024 | 02:24 PM
  #109  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

As I've said, I'm slowly accumulating parts for my planned winter build.

I was just test fitting things last night and found that the intake bolts I got don't fit the afr 1040 street cnc 195cc sbc L98 gen I heads. Looks like the bolts are 3/8, but the tapholes are 5/16. My searching tells me the standard should be 3/8 for an sbc I. I saw vortec are 5/16, but the pattern and length are very different... Also noticed the holes are not chamfered, which it seems the rest of the tap holes on the head are... I even found and old bolt I removed and replaced when I installed my HSR years ago, and they are 3/8, same pitch as the new ones I got...

DID I REALLY GET A BAD SET OF HEADS FROM AFR???




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Old Aug 18, 2024 | 03:06 PM
  #110  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

That seems unlikely but you never know.
This may seem an obvious question but worth asking just the same.
Have you tried to screw in a 3/8"-16 bolt into the heads? It'll be the same size and pitch as the accessory holes in head ends.
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Old Aug 18, 2024 | 03:20 PM
  #111  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I thought it was highly unlikely as well, but I can't think of any other explanation...

Black bolt in the end accessories is a new 3/8 intake bolt, old crappy bolt from my garage is a 5/16. Both thread in...

You are confirming that the thread for all non-vortec intake bolts should be 3/8"??? Right?


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Old Aug 18, 2024 | 03:28 PM
  #112  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

And the 3/8 won't screw in?
I guess I'd be on the phone with AFR tomorrow morning. Or whichever vendor you sourced them from.
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Old Aug 20, 2024 | 11:57 AM
  #113  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I talked to AFR. Their initial thought was that because no chamfer was performed on those holes, that was causing the issue. I was skeptical at first, but I tried out the only deburring tool I currently own, which is maybe a 45 deg one for ammo reloading, and what do you know... with a little additional force, the ARP 3/8 intake bolt did start going in. It was just so much tighter than I expected it to be, or maybe I'm not familiar with the drag of the threads into aluminum?

I will say I measured all the holes and they were smaller than AFR said they should have been, so I'm considering this a bit of a stacking of issues problem. According to AFR the ID of the 3/8 holes were supposed to be .310 to .312". I measured all of mine and they were .306 to .3075, quite consistant though, I guess. Threads must be at smaller end (or maybe below) min tolerance, and the material pushed over the hole from machining the surface kept the bolts from going in easily. Apparently they machine the holes first, then machine the intake surface, then deburr...

My heads were never deburred...
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Old Aug 20, 2024 | 04:27 PM
  #114  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

AFRs QC has gone down the tank the past few years. Their Enforcer heads have a missed machining step that prevents factory GM centerbolt valve covers from being installed on them as well. They did not machine the inside of the perimeter bolt boses and the steel valve cover collides with it before the gasket touches the valve cover rails. The older USA made AFRs were machined correctly as are Edelbrock heads like the Etecs in that respect.
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 04:53 PM
  #115  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

My AFR heads came with 3/8 rocker studs. I have a set of 3/8 rockers I'm considering using, but they have the self aligning tabs. With the dual adjustable guide plates, and narrower 8mm valve stems, I think there is a chance I can align them so that even with the play in the guide plates, there would still be clearance between the valve stem and the self aligning tabs... I know this is a contentious topic... but I would like to test fit things to see.

If I do decide to buy new rockers, do I need to be replacing my rocker studs with the bigger 7/16" ones? Are 7/16" studs neccissary for 1.6 rockers running on a cam with less than 0.575 lift?
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 05:34 PM
  #116  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
My AFR heads came with 3/8 rocker studs. I have a set of 3/8 rockers I'm considering using, but they have the self aligning tabs. With the dual adjustable guide plates, and narrower 8mm valve stems, I think there is a chance I can align them so that even with the play in the guide plates, there would still be clearance between the valve stem and the self aligning tabs... I know this is a contentious topic... but I would like to test fit things to see.

If I do decide to buy new rockers, do I need to be replacing my rocker studs with the bigger 7/16" ones? Are 7/16" studs neccissary for 1.6 rockers running on a cam with less than 0.575 lift?
The question you have to ask your self is how much spring are you using, and how fast are you spinning it. Because they can and will flex a bit.

I went with 7/16th because I was spinning to 7200rpm and have a pretty aggressive spring rate.
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 07:31 PM
  #117  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by Thirdgen89GTA
The question you have to ask your self is how much spring are you using, and how fast are you spinning it. Because they can and will flex a bit.

I went with 7/16th because I was spinning to 7200rpm and have a pretty aggressive spring rate.
The AFR site says the following about my springs:
PAC Racing Spring 1.290" OD Hydraulic Roller Dual Valve Spring,
140 lbs on seat, .600" maximum lift, Max RPM 6300-6500, less than 235* duration, upgraded spring #8019 recommended for higher RPM & larger cams


So if I'm only planning to run up to about 6000 rpm, then am I totally fine with the std 3/8 rocker studs that came on my heads?
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 09:01 PM
  #118  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
The AFR site says the following about my springs:
PAC Racing Spring 1.290" OD Hydraulic Roller Dual Valve Spring,
140 lbs on seat, .600" maximum lift, Max RPM 6300-6500, less than 235* duration, upgraded spring #8019 recommended for higher RPM & larger cams


So if I'm only planning to run up to about 6000 rpm, then am I totally fine with the std 3/8 rocker studs that came on my heads?
Technically you could get away with 3/8" studs on a high rpm engine.

Honestly, its a weakness of the SBC platform and why LS series engines moved to a shaft rocker system, significantly more stability in the valve train.

I have the AFR 195cc heads with the 8019 springs and the titanium retainers, which are 155 on the seat and 448 open. BUT, I regularly take the engine to 7000rpm, and have actually touched the rev-limiter at 7200rpm on upshifts. Its GLORIOUS! I wanted the minimum weight possible on the valve train.

6000rpm is nothing to a small block. Even an L98 with the right valve springs to control the valves can do 6000rpm on the pressed in studs.

The oem springs will be fine for the AFRs.

Last edited by Thirdgen89GTA; Sep 4, 2024 at 09:12 PM.
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 09:11 PM
  #119  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

It depends.
I broke a 3/8" stud with a little cam that saw few revs. The unknown was whose studs were they. The engine had upgraded Vortecs (I supplied my originals and they were modified by my go to machine shop) however I can't say if used a "jobber" stud or GM or ARP. I suspect the former. The break came at cruising highway speeds with no "spirited" driving..
Here's a link to that thread with more detail if you're interested.

https://www.thirdgen.org/forums/tech...cker-stud.html

Does AFR give a P/N for the studs? I'll say that if they're ARP's then run with it.
More importantly is that when you're setting up the heads and checking for proper geometry, you don't have any weirdness going on. Geometry correct (as in mid-lift method) and no binding. At one time I had the guide plates aligned but after some run time, something I hadn't seen was that the pushrod was making contact at the guide plate as designed, but also in the hole in the cylinder head. This wasn't a factor in that broken stud episode, but caused me grief in the build that followed.
This also might something to consider when running a self guiding rocker. It's really one or the other. Guided rockers or guide plates. My experience that both is a recipe for failure.
This isn't to argue the point as I'll agree on the 3/8" pressed in stud deal as I've done it. Box stock Vortec with OEM springs bouncing of 6K now and again but I wouldn't recommend it. You might think 6k is not a lot of revs but you'd be amazed at what's happening in the valvetrain at that RPM. Stuff moves around like you can't imagine. I've always considered .575" lift as getting up there for the streeters I've assembled. The Vortec had a COMP 268H hydraulic flat tappet at .454". Nice cam but sleepy. Remember too that it's not necessarily that lift, but the lobe intensity. A lazy lobe like COMP Magnum, is easier on parts than say a COMP XFI profile.

Last edited by skinny z; Sep 4, 2024 at 09:19 PM.
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 10:09 PM
  #120  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Yup, my AFR heads came with ARP #134-7104 - 3/8" ROCKER STUDS (+.250 LENGTH)

So I'll stick with the 3/8" ones they came with for now. BTW. 575 would be absolute max lift, I expect to be much closer to .550. Also duration will be between about 220 and 230 for my cam. Maybe slightly less... so I should be pretty safe...

I know everyone says self aligning rockers OR guide plates, but if you can align everything so there is no binding and there is still clearance between the valve stem and rocker aligning ears theough the entire rocker sweep, I can't understand why it would be a problem... can someone explain this. I have my current set of comp cams ultra pro magnums, I'd really like to be able to re-use...

I did a quick bench mockup on my AFR's and my factory stamped rockers, and it seems plausible.
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Old Sep 4, 2024 | 10:30 PM
  #121  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

The best way to explain is to think about the mayhem in the valvetrain at 6k.
That rocker arm isn't necessarily going to want to track perfectly in line with the valve tip. It'll swing side to side to some degree. With no guide plates and a self aligning tip you keep the rocker from riding off the side. The pushrod moves with the rocker tip.
With guide plates the pushrod is held in line and travels (more or less perfectly up and down). the rocker tip will walk across the valve tip a certain amount.
Now if you constrain the pushrod in it's vertical motion via a plate, and constrain the tip of the pushrod via the guided roller. when the rocker wants to swing across the valve tip (in a concentric pattern to the rocker stud) you'll create this bending moment at the plate. Effectively trying the bend the pushrod. The guide system on the roller tip will take a hit also. It may be the weaker link as pushrods are designed to take a beating.
As I had mentioned, I had interference at the pushrod hole in cylinder head and the guide plate. Different scenario but similar effect. It made a mess of my pushrods and may have possibly contributed to the excessive valve guide wear I was experiencing ( although that is probably due to incorrect geometry).
Can you get away with it? Think about all the SBCs built. I'll bet it's been done although what is the compromise? I doubt that you can simulate the possible interference that would occur when setting this up statically. The real action happens at RPM.
But as the saying goes, your mileage may vary.
When you're in the mock up stage, post some pictures if you want further discussion. I for one would be interested if you are.
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Old Sep 10, 2024 | 10:11 AM
  #122  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
Engine: 383 L98 W/ HSR
Transmission: 700R4 Tuned Shift 2600 Stall
Axle/Gears: 3.73 10Bolt Posi W/ Al Cover, Disks
Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I guess I haven't clarified, but I'm using Comp Cams Ultra Pro Magnum full roller rockers. Considering those rockers and the dual adjustable guide plates, seem like they would keep the rockers moving in a pretty straight up and down sweep...

I ran the calculations below. Here is my logic. The AFR heads run 8mm valves which are slightly smaller than the standard factory 0.3413" (8.6690 mm) which will allow grater clearance. The roller tip is 0.375" so that would be the minimum space between the self-aligning ears, allowing 0.060" clearance for the valve. Then considering the maximum amount of movement of the pushrod in the guide plate, with 0.0185" clearance, even multiplying by the 1.6 rocker ratio, you would still only experience 0.0296" of movement at the tip, which is less than the clearance between the valve and the rocker ears. So, I'm thinking that as long as I properly center the roller tips on each valve, then slowly rotate the engine to make sure there is no binding in the push rod to head, rod to guide plate, or rocker ears to the valve. I can't see how I would end up with issues/interference/binding, unless there is REALLY SIGNIFICANT bending of components in the system, but I have a hard time believing there would be. Also, given that the rocker should always be in contact with the valve with the lifter force, even if the valve came near the self-aligning ear on the rocker, wouldn't it just guide it back to the middle of the roller like it normally would if it was being used without any guide plates on a self-aligning engine?



All comments, thoughts, or concerns are welcomed!
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Old Sep 10, 2024 | 06:13 PM
  #123  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

It appears you've covered all of the bases. A careful inspection at mock-up should reveal any significant binding. It might be worth the effort to use a light checking spring so you can check on the ability to spin the pushrod. As in, with a light spring, even under load, you should be able to rotate it with your fingers. You'll want to rotate the engine through a few revolutions so as to pass across the base circle as well as maximum lift. If it doesn't bind against the rocker rail and guide plate, and the clearances you've stated make it unlikely, then there's some reassurance.
A couple of things come to mind.
One is I'm interested to know if any of your rockers will be noticeably cocked to one side during setup. I've got adjustable plates as well and despite my best efforts, one or two rockers were stubbornly slightly off centre. As a consequence, (I've run COMPS Pro Magnums as well as Crower's Enduro series, with the same results) the roller is a touch off the side edge of the valve tip. (As a side note, each rocker produced a slightly different geometry and required a slightly different pushrod length.)
The second are the dynamics of a running engine. I've expressed my thoughts on that. If you\re confident moving forward, and you sound like you are, it wouldn't hurt to pull a valve cover ( or both) and examine the pushrods and rocker roller rails for signs of distress after a few miles. Maybe at an oil change interval.
Keep the updates coming.
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Old Sep 10, 2024 | 10:19 PM
  #124  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

https://www.thirdgen.org/forums/tech-general-engine/31858-self-aligning-rockers-w.html

Posts 12 and 13 are on the same page as me. I feel like the rest of the posts are people just repeating general warnings, because they are not being diligent and paying attention to all the details, dimensions, and proper adjustment...
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Old Sep 12, 2024 | 06:13 PM
  #125  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I've been through the binding game as I mentioned. It's difficult to quantify the effects it has although I can say one thing for sure. Bronze valve guides aren't particularly durable and any unnecessary loading will eventually take them out. The effect is subtle but if you log considerable miles as I have, the results are there to see.




Guide plate and cylinder head interference. Not detected in mock-up although evident at an inspection interval.
Stuff moves around a lot at RPM.
Given your due diligence, and the clearances stated, your results aren't likely to be the same.
Question for you though: Considering that I went the guide plate route with my original Vortecs (they were OEM equipped to use guided rockers) I've never had the opportunity to examine a guided roller tip. I'm curious as to its level of robustness (for lack of better word).
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Old Oct 3, 2024 | 10:43 PM
  #126  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Well, I came across a good deal on a new set of non self-aligning ultra pro magnum. Open box new from amazon for $271, so I just bought them. So I wont be using my old ones, though they will be on the classifieds as soon as they come out...

I will want to try test fitting when I start my build... They actually sent some 1.52 ratio ones so they are replacing them with the correct 1.6 ones, but I test fit those on my heads and noticed that my calculations were missing a variable... The Main trunnion has a certain amount of clearance, so that increases the possible movement of the rocker, which I hadn't considered...
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Old Oct 4, 2024 | 12:47 PM
  #127  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Nice score!
Not sure what you mean by the trunnion has a certain amount of clearance though.
Regardless, be sure to pay attention to proper geometry by whatever means you choose. Keep in mind that some methods are inherently more accurate (and easier) than others.
YMMV.
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Old Nov 10, 2024 | 07:04 PM
  #128  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
Engine: 383 L98 W/ HSR
Transmission: 700R4 Tuned Shift 2600 Stall
Axle/Gears: 3.73 10Bolt Posi W/ Al Cover, Disks
Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I haven't checked in here for a bit...

I'm getting close to actually getting this build started! I've watched hours of tipsoon YouTube...
I think I have just about everything on hand aside from the 383 short block I plan to get from Smedding. I've hot my heads, valve covers, plugs, all hardware, gaskets, flex plate, 36 lb injectors, I plan to reuse my intake, aluminum water pump, new power master starter from this year, my slp 3/4" shortie headers, and rest of my accessories. I also got a new high pressure and suction line for my power steering, and a rebuild kit for the steering gear box.

I have bought an engine hoist with leveler, engine stand, I went and found my old distributor, and ground the teeth off the gear so I can use it to prime the oil system.

Anything im forgetting about???

One question I do have is that whether I can cut off the air ports from my slp headers? I bought the emissions legal ones back in the day, but I am no longer restricted by emissions in my state. I have a welder so I was just thinking I could cut the tubes off weld the holes closed and use some fresh high temp paint. Thing is, there is no continuous flange between each port, could the alignment get screwed up if I cut the tubes off?

Distributor with ground gear for priming, knew there was a reason i held onto this, lol!
Distributor with ground gear for priming, knew there was a reason i held onto this, lol!
Air tubes, remove or no to maintain flange alignment???
Air tubes, remove or no to maintain flange alignment???

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Old Nov 10, 2024 | 07:18 PM
  #129  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Those dinky little AIR tubes aren't holding anything aligned. Cut 'em off and weld in the holes.

If you're really worried, do it w/the headers bolted to the heads. But no. those tubes aren't aligning anything.
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Old Nov 10, 2024 | 08:50 PM
  #130  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
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Transmission: 700R4 Tuned Shift 2600 Stall
Axle/Gears: 3.73 10Bolt Posi W/ Al Cover, Disks
Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Nooks like the non air version had no additional support. Here is a pic of them I found on the web.

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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 09:34 AM
  #131  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
Anything im forgetting about???
How about a cam?
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 11:18 AM
  #132  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
How about a cam?
So part of what I like about Smeding's offering is that I can get the cam kit and seal up kit, so all of the parts are included and installed by them, which will make my work much simpler.

I emailed previously about including a cam with slightly different specs and it sounds like they can accommodate that. I believe they grind their own in house. My plan is to request a cam somewhere between their 420hp and 450hp spec with a 112 LSA. My heads are limited to a duration of 235, but for streetability, I'm planning on staying below 230, maybe a 226/230 or 224/228 or so, and for lift I'm aiming for around .550" int and ext, with the 1.6 rockers I alredy bought. I'm planning to call and discuss later this week.

From Smeding's site:

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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 02:29 PM
  #133  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

True enough in that if you buy Smeding's kit it'll save a lot of work. Degreeing a cam takes time. But at least you know rather than assume it's done right. But you have put your trust in a vendor sometimes so you hope the reputation is what it's stacked up to be.
FTR, what is your projected compression ratio and what does the induction consist of?
On those cam specs, do they give seat timing as well as the .050"? Seat timing is a critical value when it comes to crunching numbers.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 02:41 PM
  #134  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
Degreeing a cam takes time. But at least you know rather than assume it's done right.
For over a decade, I had what I thought was dual pattern, relatively small duration camshaft. Engine vacuum always seems low. Finally degreed it myself despite thinking someone had done it at the machine shop. Turned out to be a larger single pattern cam. It had the right part number on it, so it wasn't the wrong one grabbed off the shelf. Can only guess it was ground wrong in the first place. No wonder it didn't idle as smooth as I thought it should. In other words, yeah, good idea to check yourself.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 02:43 PM
  #135  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by aliceempire
For over a decade, I had what I thought was dual pattern, relatively small duration camshaft. Engine vacuum always seems low. Finally degreed it myself despite thinking someone had done it at the machine shop. Turned out to be a larger single pattern cam. It had the right part number on it, so it wasn't the wrong one grabbed off the shelf. Can only guess it was ground wrong in the first place. No wonder it didn't idle as smooth as I thought it should. In other words, yeah, good idea to check yourself.
Exactly.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 03:18 PM
  #136  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
.My heads are limited to a duration of 235...
Would you explain that to me?
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 03:36 PM
  #137  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
Would you explain that to me?
Simple answer first...

Listed on the AFR part page on their site:
195cc SBC Street Cylinder Head
#1040 Heads
PAC Racing Spring 1.290" OD Hydraulic Roller Dual Valve Spring,
140 lbs on seat, .600" maximum lift, Max RPM 6300-6500, less than 235* duration, upgraded spring #8019 recommended for higher RPM & larger cams


I'll also say that my understanding from general cam selection reading, is that durations up to about 230 are best if you want the car to have decent street manners and be tunable with fuel injection and an ECU.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 03:48 PM
  #138  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
Engine: 383 L98 W/ HSR
Transmission: 700R4 Tuned Shift 2600 Stall
Axle/Gears: 3.73 10Bolt Posi W/ Al Cover, Disks
Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Regarding installing and degreeing the cam myself, vs letting the engine builder do it. Yes. I did as much research as I wanted to and most people seem to have good experiences with Smeding. You can always find bad reviews if you search hard enough. Having to do those extra steps myself will as more time, tooling cost and knowhow on my part. Plus, more instances for me to make errors. I prefer to entrust and experienced engine builder to handle those details.

Like I discussed earlier, it felt like this project may never happen because every level I researched, the more unknowns I found. By buying the complete buttoned up short block just makes the project more feasible. If I decide I want to try degreeing the cam differently in the future, I can always go down that path.

Regarding getting the parts you think you have; I would hope that is an exceedingly rare occurrence, that I am not really sure it is logical to account for in my planning...

Regarding compression, I'm getting 64cc heads, and the Smeding site says, "Compression Ratio: 10.0:1 w/ 64cc Heads". As far as I have read, that is a good CR for a spirited street machine running on 93 octane pump gas. Right? (I have no plans for nitrous or forced induction in the future)

Unfortunately, at the moment, I do not have any more detail on the cam to share, or that I have frankly considered. What should I be considering for my application in my street / Autocross engine? I understand that there are duration numbers at different lift values and that the ones I have discussed are at .050" lift. I was honestly thinking the profile of the lobe and other values you generally leave up to the discretion of an experienced cam grinder... Should I be considering or requesting something specific?
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 03:56 PM
  #139  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
Simple answer first...

Listed on the AFR part page on their site:
195cc SBC Street Cylinder Head
#1040 Heads
PAC Racing Spring 1.290" OD Hydraulic Roller Dual Valve Spring,
140 lbs on seat, .600" maximum lift, Max RPM 6300-6500, less than 235* duration, upgraded spring #8019 recommended for higher RPM & larger cams


I'll also say that my understanding from general cam selection reading, is that durations up to about 230 are best if you want the car to have decent street manners and be tunable with fuel injection and an ECU.
I see where you're coming from now. It's not that the heads are limited but rather the springs are.
As for the duration, well, that's debatable. Seat to seat numbers are important here as that will define the intake closing point and the resulting cylinder pressure. The way two cams might behave given the same .050" numbers but different seat timing will play a part in how the engine behaves. I think Fast355 had an opinion contrary to that but this is what I've learned.
That said, you have a point with that 230° value. I've had many hydraulic roller cams and they were all between 224 and 236. The latest, which has a very quick lobe (relatively speaking) is 232°. I've got PAC 1218X springs with 140 lbs. at a 1.800" installed height and 320 lbs. at .575" lift. Far be it for me to step on AFR's recommendation, but these PACs will carry this engine 7000 RPM. Keep in mind that's with a small light tool steel retainer so that adds to the upper rev limit. I see AFR's spring is larger in diameter so that adds to the weight that needs to be controlled. Their limits make sense.
Now, with a smaller cam, you're peak HP RPM will be somewhat lower given the CID so it all looks good.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 04:06 PM
  #140  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
Regarding installing and degreeing the cam myself, vs letting the engine builder do it. Yes. I did as much research as I wanted to and most people seem to have good experiences with Smeding. You can always find bad reviews if you search hard enough. Having to do those extra steps myself will as more time, tooling cost and knowhow on my part. Plus, more instances for me to make errors. I prefer to entrust and experienced engine builder to handle those details.

Like I discussed earlier, it felt like this project may never happen because every level I researched, the more unknowns I found. By buying the complete buttoned up short block just makes the project more feasible. If I decide I want to try degreeing the cam differently in the future, I can always go down that path.

Regarding getting the parts you think you have; I would hope that is an exceedingly rare occurrence, that I am not really sure it is logical to account for in my planning...

Regarding compression, I'm getting 64cc heads, and the Smeding site says, "Compression Ratio: 10.0:1 w/ 64cc Heads". As far as I have read, that is a good CR for a spirited street machine running on 93 octane pump gas. Right? (I have no plans for nitrous or forced induction in the future)

Unfortunately, at the moment, I do not have any more detail on the cam to share, or that I have frankly considered. What should I be considering for my application in my street / Autocross engine? I understand that there are duration numbers at different lift values and that the ones I have discussed are at .050" lift. I was honestly thinking the profile of the lobe and other values you generally leave up to the discretion of an experienced cam grinder... Should I be considering or requesting something specific?
You have a point regarding portions of the engine assembly. I stopped long ago assembling my own shortblocks. I just wasn't equipped material-wise (I've got access to more tools than one can imagine). So I made the decision to have my machine shop assemble my shortblocks. I do however install, degree and sort out the valvetrain geometry on my own. That's my preference and it doesn't have to be everybody's!
The way I see it, with the specs laid out, you'll have a very capable performer. 10:1 with a aluminum heads and a cam in the ranges described will be more than workable on pump gas and easy to tune. I think you'll be happy. Smeding, from what I know, has a solid reputation too. Interestingly, I was going through some of my old car mags and cam across a Smeding Performance 383 article. They were well represented.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 04:14 PM
  #141  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Perhaps of interest, here's the spec that Jones Cams produced when I was trying to develop a 383. Heads were smaller than yours in terms of port cc's. Flow was down too by about 10%.

231/239 @.050"
.353"/.348" Lobe Lift
.565"/.557" Valve Lift
110 LSA

That was a "street performance" recommendation.
When I asked for another specification that was more drag race orientated he came up with this:

232/236 @.050"
.360"/.360" Lobe Lift
.576"/.576" Valve Lift
108 LSA

I ultimately put together a 357 and the cam for that was the drag racing spec above. Drives and tunes very well.

Last edited by skinny z; Nov 11, 2024 at 04:17 PM.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 05:09 PM
  #142  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
Perhaps of interest, here's the spec that Jones Cams produced when I was trying to develop a 383. Heads were smaller than yours in terms of port cc's. Flow was down too by about 10%.

231/239 @.050"
.353"/.348" Lobe Lift
.565"/.557" Valve Lift
110 LSA

That was a "street performance" recommendation.
When I asked for another specification that was more drag race orientated he came up with this:

232/236 @.050"
.360"/.360" Lobe Lift
.576"/.576" Valve Lift
108 LSA

I ultimately put together a 357 and the cam for that was the drag racing spec above. Drives and tunes very well.
You're saying you built that 357 with the 108 LSA cam and it was fuel injected computer controlled? And it was tunable??? I have read 112 is a happy medium for some lopeyness, but tunability, 110 is the ragged edge of tunability and it is significantly more challenging... Never heard of a fuel injected computer controlled 108 LSA!

Regarding my planned ranges for duration and lift. I am not looking to rev all that high, maybe 6000 rpm down the road pretty much max, my trans is currently tuned to shift at about 5500 rpm. I do also place some importance in low to mid-range torque, so that may be why my numbers look slightly smaller than some would expect. I also loose a bit of bottom end with the relatively short runners on my Holley Stealth Ram intake, so I don't want to give up any more than I have to on the cam...
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 05:24 PM
  #143  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
You're saying you built that 357 with the 108 LSA cam and it was fuel injected computer controlled? And it was tunable??? I have read 112 is a happy medium for some lopeyness, but tunability, 110 is the ragged edge of tunability and it is significantly more challenging... Never heard of a fuel injected computer controlled 108 LSA!

Regarding my planned ranges for duration and lift. I am not looking to rev all that high, maybe 6000 rpm down the road pretty much max, my trans is currently tuned to shift at about 5500 rpm. I do also place some importance in low to mid-range torque, so that may be why my numbers look slightly smaller than some would expect. I also loose a bit of bottom end with the relatively short runners on my Holley Stealth Ram intake, so I don't want to give up any more than I have to on the cam...
I should have specified. That's carbureted.
Now, having said that, there are several here at third gen that have overcome that "ragged edge" obstacle. Software is better. So are tuning skills. Considering how insane some EFI engines are, along with boost and nitrous, taming a tight LSA cam isn't what it used to be. Keep in mind too, that it's not the LSA that's the big deal, but how much overlap you have to deal with. Shorter cams, like those in the 230° range, don't have the overlap that can prove problematic. It also comes back around to that seat timing. Overlap, and the tuning aspect is at the heart of where the valve opens. Not after it's .050" off the seat. It does make a difference.
Smeding's cam specs are such that you shouldn't have any issues.
And at our power levels and RPMs, a few degrees one way or another isn't going to be game changer.
I went with a 108 LSA as I've done wider separation and wanted to get a little more aggressive this time around. So far, I'm not disappointed. If I were building a street orientated engine as you are, I'd stick with Smeding. Or fill out a Jones Cams recommendation form and see how that plays out. I bet it it would be enlightening.

Last edited by skinny z; Nov 11, 2024 at 05:29 PM.
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Old Nov 11, 2024 | 07:16 PM
  #144  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by skinny z
Or fill out a Jones Cams recommendation form and see how that plays out. I bet it it would be enlightening.
I thought I had posted it, but I definitly planned to buy my cam and lifters from him, but when I saw I could get everything pre installed from Smeding that just made the most sense...

Here's what he recommended for the 383, with 195 AFR's
Cam#: LT1, HR70340-71340-110
224/228@.050"
.340"/.340" Lobe Lift
.544"/.544" Valve Lift, w/1.6 rockers
110 LSA

I think I want to stick to the 112 LSA though. Maybe if 111, if there is a reason to...

Last edited by raptere; Nov 11, 2024 at 10:50 PM.
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 08:15 AM
  #145  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
I thought I had posted it, but I definitly planned to buy my cam and lifters from him, but when I saw I could get everything pre installed from Smeding that just made the most sense...

Here's what he recommended for the 383, with 195 AFR's
Cam#: LT1, HR70340-71340-110
224/228@.050"
.340"/.340" Lobe Lift
.544"/.544" Valve Lift, w/1.6 rockers
110 LSA

I think I want to stick to the 112 LSA though. Maybe if 111, if there is a reason to...
Interesting comparison between the two 383 cams.

231/239 @.050".353"/.348" Lobe Lift.565"/.557" Valve Lift110 LSA

224/228@.050".340"/.340" Lobe Lift.544"/.544" Valve Lift, w/1.6 rockers110 LSA

Having spoken with Mike Jones about his design process it looks clear to me that the heads on yours do a better job of filling and evacuating the cylinder. This would explain why you require less duration to get the job done. Same with the valve lift.
As for LSA, it doesn't look like he has a concern about the LSA as a number. Your cam is smaller and that also be reflected in the amount of overlap. And it's the overlap that historically (but not necessarily the case today) has made the tune difficult. As mentioned, today's software has made that process almost a non-event.
That said, debating a 111 vs a 112 isn't worth the effort.
And the last thing you want is to be confounded by a tuning anomaly which you might attribute to that number.
As for Smeding, it would be a tall ask for him to have cam grinding capabilities in house. There's a lot involved in the process. So the question is, unless he does manage to do his own, who does he use? Custom specs I'm sure, but for my own information gathering, I'd like to know the line families he draws from. That'll be more of a game changer than 1° of LSA. You can have two cams with the same .050" number but are several degrees apart in seat timing. That will greatly influence the lobe separation.

Last edited by skinny z; Nov 12, 2024 at 08:40 AM.
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 10:59 AM
  #146  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I'm not claiming any cam expertise, but I wouldn't focus on lsa. For sure wouldn't be dead set on a specific number lsa. Where the events happen affect the overlap without the lsa number changing. In all honesty, I'd be more interested in th Mike Jones cam given the specs. At the end of the day, whats on the advertised cam card and what the cam actually measures may be 2 different things anyway.
Interesting if Smeding does grind their own cams. I'd be a little surprised if they did but I wouldn't put it past them.
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 12:26 PM
  #147  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by aliceempire
I'm not claiming any cam expertise, but I wouldn't focus on lsa. For sure wouldn't be dead set on a specific number lsa. Where the events happen affect the overlap without the lsa number changing. In all honesty, I'd be more interested in th Mike Jones cam given the specs. At the end of the day, whats on the advertised cam card and what the cam actually measures may be 2 different things anyway.
Interesting if Smeding does grind their own cams. I'd be a little surprised if they did but I wouldn't put it past them.
If for nothing else, I'll get into the Jones catalogue and get the details on those lobe numbers and satisfy my own curiousity. Then an accurate overlap number can be determined. It might be possible to take a guess at what Smeding's advertised values are and do some kind of comparison.
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 12:49 PM
  #148  
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Car: 1991 Camaro Z-28 (Durango R/T)
Engine: 383 L98 W/ HSR
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Axle/Gears: 3.73 10Bolt Posi W/ Al Cover, Disks
Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

I'm not sure why the durations don't seem to align perfectly, but these seem to be the two lobe profiles he selected based on the part number. The lift on both matches. (Top and bottom highlighted lobe profiles)

Hydraulic Roller Tappet | Jones Cams

70340 and 71340
70340 and 71340
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 01:50 PM
  #149  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

The way it was described is that Mike will take a profile with a given lobe lift. He then tweaks the grind to suit your spec. He also tries to keep the largest base circle possible. so your .340" stays a .340" lobe. The .006" and .050" numbers are modified to suit.
This is what I like about Jones Cams. Each cam is really and truly a custom grind.
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Old Nov 12, 2024 | 03:44 PM
  #150  
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Re: Order of Engine Upgrades? Heads, then Cam?

Originally Posted by raptere
You're saying you built that 357 with the 108 LSA cam and it was fuel injected computer controlled? And it was tunable??? I have read 112 is a happy medium for some lopeyness, but tunability, 110 is the ragged edge of tunability and it is significantly more challenging... Never heard of a fuel injected computer controlled 108 LSA!

Regarding my planned ranges for duration and lift. I am not looking to rev all that high, maybe 6000 rpm down the road pretty much max, my trans is currently tuned to shift at about 5500 rpm. I do also place some importance in low to mid-range torque, so that may be why my numbers look slightly smaller than some would expect. I also loose a bit of bottom end with the relatively short runners on my Holley Stealth Ram intake, so I don't want to give up any more than I have to on the cam...
I ran 232/244 @ 0.050 on a 108 LSA in a 10.5:1 383 with a TBI computer about 15 years ago. Ran great with a loose converter.
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