My car is a 1986 Firebird TA 5.0L TPI.

Car ran great 2 days ago and has generally run well for the past year.

Today when I first started it up, it ran extremely rough and the service engine light came on. It was backfiring and very obviously running lean, hesitating when I hit the gas, almost no power. Nearly stalled in traffic.
After driving for 15 minutes of running rough, I found a parking lot and checked the code - 44, lean exhaust as I expected.

I started the car back up and it was still rough, engine light came on again. After 5 minutes of running poorly it cleared up and the engine light turned off. I proceeded to drive the car for another hour and it ran very well again - no more issues.

Has anyone else experienced this? It's great that the problem resolved itself, but I'd like to make sure it doesn't happen again.
I have a cable and can datalog if the problem becomes consistent, but it is hard to catch intermittent issues like this.