So, my alternator keeps blowing. It's the same kind that went on this original engine (305 tbi). As of right now, it has a large red wire going to positive, and then a black clip with 3 wires. One medium sized red going to positive, and two small tan\brownish wires that lead somewhere into the cab.

Is this as simple as "without the computer, that alternator's gonna blow" or is there something else to it?
Also, anyone know exactly what do those two small wires go to?
If someone could tell me, or tell me where to look to find, exactly how an alternator like mine should be hooked up to a carbed engine, that would be great.

My plan is to switch to an old 1 wire alternator, but I want to do the swap to v-belt and manual steering box all at the same time, and that's a bit of a ways off.

EDIT: My definition of blow: All of a sudden I will notice that the volt gauge is reading half-way between 8 and 13. Continued driving will result in the gauge and all the lights\headlights fading until dead.

 

You should be fine with what you have, there's a wiring issue somewhere.

Check all the fuses in the fusebox. Some strange ones will cut off charging to the alternator, I dont remember which, but I was looking for an easy 12v source for a few parts of my carb switch that I decided to make manual switches for, and I got some weird results with a couple of fuses that I pulled that shouldn't have been necessary. Couldn't use the fan fuse, ECM, or VATS fuses for sure. Every one would do something weird to the car even though I wasnt using any of them anymore.

Also I cant remember how, but I ended up damaging one of the fusible links between the battery and the alternator, so pay attention to that too. Should be nearish the AC compressor somewhere.

Get a voltmeter and check and see if it's actually charging while running. Get a reading with the car off and the car on.